2. Academic Validation
  3. VRK1 promotes DNA-induced type I interferon production

VRK1 promotes DNA-induced type I interferon production

  • Mol Biol Rep. 2024 Mar 27;51(1):453. doi: 10.1007/s11033-024-09414-8.
Zhechen Fan # 1,  Xiong Wang # 2,  Hao Cheng 3,  Mingyu Pan 4
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
  • 2 Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
  • 3 State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China. [email protected].
  • 4 Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. [email protected].
  • # Contributed equally.
PMID: 38536553 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09414-8
Abstract

Background: Type I interferons (IFNs) are an essential class of cytokines with antitumor, Antiviral and immunoregulatory effects. However, over-productive the type I IFNs are tightly associated with autoimmune disorders. Thus, the induction of type I interferons is precisely regulated to maintain immune hemostasis. This study aimed to identify a novel regulator of type I interferon signaling.

Methods and results: Primary BMDMs, isolated from mice, and human cell lines (HEK293 cells, Hela cells) and murine cell line (MEF cells) were cultured to generate in vitro models. After knockdown VRK1, Real-Time PCR and dual-luciferase reporter assay were performed to determine the expression level of the type I IFNs and ISGs following HTDNA and Poly (dA:dT) stimulation. Additionally, cells were treated with the VRK1 inhibitor, and the impact of VRK1 inhibition was detected. Upon HTDNA and Poly (dA:dT) stimulation, knockdown of VRK1 attenuated the induction of the type I IFNs and ISGs. Consistently, VRK-IN-1, a potent and selective VRK1 inhibitor, significantly suppressed the induction of the type I IFNs and ISGs in human and murine cell lines. Further, VRK-IN-1 inhibited induction of the type I IFNs in mouse primary BMDMs. Intriguingly, VRK1 potentiated the cGAS-STING- IFN-I axis response at STING level.

Conclusions: Our study reveals a novel function of VRK1 in regulating the production of type I IFNs. VRK-IN-1 might be a potential lead compound for suppressing aberrant type I IFNs in autoimmune disorders.

Keywords

Autoimmune diseases; I-IFNs; ISGs; STING; VRK1.

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