Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 1

Definition:

The TFIID basal transcription factor complex plays a major role in the initiation of RNA polymerase II (Pol II)-dependent transcription. TFIID recognizes and binds promoters with or without a TATA box via its subunit TBP, a TATA-box-binding protein, and promotes assembly of the pre-initiation complex (PIC). The TFIID complex consists of TBP and TBP-associated factors (TAFs), including TAF1, TAF2, TAF3, TAF4, TAF5, TAF6, TAF7, TAF8, TAF9, TAF10, TAF11, TAF12 and TAF13. TAF1 is the largest component and core scaffold of the TFIID complex, involved in nucleating complex assembly. TAF1 forms a promoter DNA binding subcomplex of TFIID, together with TAF7 and TAF2. Contains novel N- and C-terminal Ser/Thr kinase domains which can autophosphorylate or transphosphorylate other transcription factors. Phosphorylates TP53 on 'Thr-55' which leads to MDM2-mediated degradation of TP53. Phosphorylates GTF2A1 and GTF2F1 on Ser residues. Possesses DNA-binding activity. Essential for progression of the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Exhibits histone acetyltransferase activity towards histones H3 and H4.

References:

[1]. T O'Brien, et al. Functional analysis of the human TAFII250 N-terminal kinase domain. Mol Cell. 1998 May;1(6):905-11. [Content Brief]

[2]. Xizi Chen, et al. Structural insights into preinitiation complex assembly on core promoters. Science. 2021 Apr 30;372(6541):eaba8490. [Content Brief]

[3]. R Dikstein, et al. TAFII250 is a bipartite protein kinase that phosphorylates the base transcription factor RAP74. Cell. 1996 Mar 8;84(5):781-90. [Content Brief]

[4]. Robert K Louder, et al. Structure of promoter-bound TFIID and model of human pre-initiation complex assembly. Nature. 2016 Mar 31;531(7596):604-9. [Content Brief]

[5]. Traci L Hilton, et al. TAF1 histone acetyltransferase activity in Sp1 activation of the cyclin D1 promoter. Mol Cell Biol. 2005 May;25(10):4321-32. [Content Brief]

[6]. J L Siegert, et al. Rb inhibits the intrinsic kinase activity of TATA-binding protein-associated factor TAFII250. Mol Cell Biol. 1999 Jan;19(1):846-54. [Content Brief]

[7]. K Hisatake, et al. The p250 subunit of native TATA box-binding factor TFIID is the cell-cycle regulatory protein CCG1. Nature. 1993 Mar 11;362(6416):179-81. [Content Brief]

[8]. Heng-Hong Li, et al. Phosphorylation on Thr-55 by TAF1 mediates degradation of p53: a role for TAF1 in cell G1 progression. Mol Cell. 2004 Mar 26;13(6):867-78. [Content Brief]

[9]. Hui Wang, et al. Crystal structure of a TAF1-TAF7 complex in human transcription factor IID reveals a promoter binding module. Cell Res. 2014 Dec;24(12):1433-44. [Content Brief]

[10]. T Sekiguchi, et al. The human CCG1 gene, essential for progression of the G1 phase, encodes a 210-kilodalton nuclear DNA-binding protein. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Jun;11(6):3317-25. [Content Brief]

[11]. S Solow, et al. Taf(II) 250 phosphorylates human transcription factor IIA on serine residues important for TBP binding and transcription activity. J Biol Chem. 2001 May 11;276(19):15886-92. [Content Brief]

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